Internal-combustion engine.



0.5.SAEGENT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE,

APPLICATION FILED APR. 21, 1910. 1 1 1 2,842, Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

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G. E. SARGENT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1211.21, 1910.

Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

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G. E. SARGENT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.21, 1910.

Patented 0013.6,1914.

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Jae/61%;? M yard,

G. E. SARGENT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 21,1910. 1,1 12,842, Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

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G. E. SARGENT. INTERNAL QOMBUSTIDN ENGINE. APPLICATION TILED APR.21,1910.

1,1 12,842. Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

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G. E. SARGENT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.21, 1010.

l 1 1 2,842. Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

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CHARLES E. SARGEii'T, OF .BAGINE, WiSCONSI'N.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

Application filed April 21, 1910. Serial No. 556,897.

To all whom. it may con ern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES E. SARGENT, a citizen of the United States,residing at 843 College avenue, Racine, in the county of Racine" andState of Wisconsin, have in vented a new and useful Internal-CombustionEngine, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in internalcombustion engines and is fully described and explained in thespecification and shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine embodying my improvement; Fig.2 is a transverse section of the-rear-end of the valve; Fig. 8 is adetailed elevation of one of the valves, the dash-pot being shown invertical-longi.tudinal section; Fig. 4 is a transverse section on theline 4, of Fig. 3,

the valve however being shown in a transverse plane taken through itscenter, that is to say on the plane indicated by the line 4 in Fig. 3;Fig. 5 is a central-longitudinal section through one of the cylinders ofmy improved engine; Fig. 6 is an elevation of the part shown at theupper portion of Fig. 3 behind the cam-shaft, the'front plate beingbroken away to show the parts hehind the same; Fig. 7 is a section onthe line 7 of Fig. 9; Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on the line 8 ofFig. (3 and Fig. 9 is a vertical section on the line 9 of Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings, more particularly to Fig. 1, it will be seenthat the engine illustrated, which is the one selected for the purposeof illustrating. the use of my invention, is of the tandem-type, that iswith two cylinders arranged in line, and by reference to Fig. 5 it willbe seen that it is of the double-acting type.

A is the crank shaft of the engine, and A the piston-rod, which carriestwo pistons in the ordinary way.

B is the cam-shaft which is connected by gears to the crank-shaftso asto run at half thespeed thereof according to usual practice. Thecam-shaft runs longitudinally of the cylinders, which are designated inthe drawings by C and C respectively. The two cylinders are practicallythe same in construction and arrangement, and one only thereof willrequire detailed illustration and description, the construction beingbest shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The cylinders rest upon a hollow base,which is divided longitudinally into two separate parts, one of whichcontains air and the other gas. The cylinders are supported upon theh0llow base by supporting legs C which are cored out to provide ports 0and c for air and gas respectively, the said ports communicating withthe corresponding parts of the base for the purpose of receiving theirsupply therefrom. A valve c is provided whereby the proportions of thegas and air can be varied in an obvious manner,

an external hand-lever 0* being provided for adjusting said valve, saidlever having adjacent to its tip a dial or scale 0 from which thesetting of the valve can readily be seen. The ports in question extendtransversely of the engine in the form of long slots, so that they havea very large area, and immediately above them the cylinders are providedwith transverselyextending cylindrical valve-chambers opening at theirupper end into the explosion spaces within the cylinders (Fig. 5). Theair and gas ports 0 and 0 intersect these cylindrical valve-chambers andexhaust ports 0 running horizontally in the lower part of each cylinderalso intersect said cylindrical valve-chambers in the mannerillustrated,the exhaust ports from the two ends of each cylinder unitingat the center of the cylinder in an exhaust pipe of enlarged size. Inthe cylindrical valve'cham- -bers are journaled valves D, each of whichhas cyliiulr ical-heads at its ends for bearing purposes (Fig. 4), iscut away on its upper surface and is provided with a notch (Z uponone-quarter of its lower surface, which construction is fullyillustrated in Fig. 5. The central-portion of the valve thus has twopoints of contact with the walls of the valve-chambers, a quadrantshaped portion (Z of sufficient size to extend over the gas-port andexhaust-port when the valve is in the position shown in Fig. 5 and asmaller portion (Z about 90 removed from the adjacent corner of saidportion (Z said portion d contacting with the wall of the valve-chamberabove the to each other, the difference in their construction beingcaused by the fact that it is desirable to have both exhaust-ports 0 eninto a single exhaust-pipe. Owing tot e fact that the valves aresymmetrical rather than similar their movements will obviously have tobe in opposite directions to accomplish the same purposes.

The valves are made hollow in the manner illustrated and arewater-cooled by the means shown in Fig. 2, that is to say, each valve isprovided with a hollow stem D which extends through the rear of theengine wall and carries upon its rear-end a collar D having two hoseconnectionsia? and d. The water flows in through the hose connection dthen through a central pipe (i which extends through the hollow of thestem D and is of less size than the interior of said stem and isdischarged from said pipe at the opposite .end of the valve throughholes clearly shown in Fig. 4, from whence it flows backward through thevalve, thoroughly cooling the same, and out throu h the collar D to thehose connection 4 from whence it is conducted through a hose to thewater-jacket of the cylinder.

The joint between the valve and rear-end of the cylinder wall is groundand inasmuch as the valve is unbalanced to the extent of the area of thehollow stem D the valve will always be held in close contact with thisground-joint, so that leakage will not take place. A spring D isprovided which holds the valve backward upon this ground-joint, withonly sufiicient force however to prevent its leaving its seat andslamming when pressure is applied. It is to be noted also that thehollow-stem D is made smaller than the opening through which it passesto the end that any wear which may occur between the valve and the lowersurface of the valve .chamber can be taken up.

The front end of the valve-chamber is closed by a plate or cover 6provided with a forwardly extending boss which forms a bearing for avalve-shaft E uponthe inner end of which is mounted a T-head e whichnormally extends in a vertical direction and engages a correspondingslot milled in the 4 It will be seen from the foregoing description thatthe valve-shaft and valve necessarily rotate together as one iece, andbefore proceeding to the descriptlon of the mechanism whereby they aremoved, it is deemed proper to set forth the operation which the valvesnecessarily make to perform their desired functions. Referring to Fig. 5it will-be seen that if the crank-end valve is rotated in a counterclock-wise direction it will open the; exhaust port and if rotated in aclock-wise direction it will open the air and gas ports andcommunication therefrom to the cylinder, the gas flowing out through thenotch d and mixing 'with the air as the same enters.

Rotation @in the opposite direction will produce corresponding resultsin the head-end valve at fthe opposlte end oi the cylinder.

In the Therefore in Fig. 5 the crank-end valve is about to open itsintake and the head-end valve is about to open the exhaust.

Journaled upon the boss projecting from i the cover 6 of thevalve-chamber is a rocksleeve F which serves as the immediate means fortransmitting motion to the valveshaft and the valve through 'connectionswhich will presently be described. The rock- 'sleeve F is provided witha radially projecting arm f which is connected by a link cam-shaft.

with a roller engaging a cam H upon the The cam H is provided with 'along dwell which runs from the point it to the point it indicatedthereon, a high portion from the point [L1 to the point [1- the point725.

and a low portion from the point If to The cam rotates in the directionindicated by the arrow in Fig. 4,,

:so that the lever G remains in its normal position for a considerableperiod, then has its rear-end raised above the normal position, then hasit swung down considerably below the normal position and then returns tothe normal position. It will be evident -to those skilled in gas-enginepracticethat the first of these movements, that is the one above thenormal position must correspond to the exhaust stroke, and a movementbelow the normal position must correspond to the intake stroke, whilethe long dwell, when the parts occupy their normal position, correspondto the compression and Working strokes. A spring 9 holds the lever G inits normal position. It will be evident that these connections are suchthat the rock-sleeve F will first be turned (in the head-end valve, oneof which is illustrated in detail in all the drawings), in a clock-wisedirection, will then be turned back through its normal position andtherefrom in a counter clock-wise direction and will then return to anormal position. These movements of the rock-sleeve correspond indirection to those which the valve must make to open the exhaust and theintake respectively and it will therefore be evident that if therock-sleeve can be suitably connected with the valve the necessarymovements can be simply accomplished. It is perhaps desirable to add inthis connection that the cams are so arranged that the variousrock-sleeves are moved in the proper direction to form the exhaust andheld there during one entire stroke, and that they are moved in thedirection to perform the intake and held there during three-fourths of astroke, so that the intake will be cut off at three-fourths, to the endthat the products of combustion can be completely expanded orpractically completely expanded within the cylinders, although itwill beevident that this construction could be modified to almost any extentdesired.

The valve-shaft E has keyed to it a plate I having a radially projectingarm 2' to which is connected a rod 1 terminating at its lower end in aball or other suitable head I within a hollow plunger I of a dash-pot IThe head or ball I is pressed upward by a spring I and the dash-pot isprovided at its lower end with a valve 1 and a needlevalve 1 the latteroperating to vary the amount of cushioning of the dash-pot. From thisconstruction it will be seen that when the valve is rotated in adirection to open the exhaust, that is in a clock-wise direction, in thevalve shown in detail in the drawings, the rod I will be depressedcompressing the spring I and that when the valve is rotated in theopposite direction, that is the direction to open the intake, thehollow-piston l of the dash-pot will be bodily raised creating suctionbelow it in the dash-pot, which will tend to return the valve to itsoriginal position.

The plate I is cut away on the opposite side from the radial arm 2' andin the recess formed by such cutting away is pivotally supported a pawl3' having a hardened point j. The rock-sleeve F is provided with aflange F of quadrant or-partially annular form (Figs. 6, S and whichsaid flange has a shoulder F with a hardened insert in position toengage the tip of the pawl J and the opposite end of said flange is inposition to engage and bear upon the radial arm 71 of the plate I. hepawl J is held in a position to engage, with its point or tip, theshoulder on the flange F by means of a spring inserted in an obviousmanner. The result of this part of the construction is, that therock-sleeve with its flange and the plate rigid on the valve-shaft Enecessarily oscillate together under normal conditions, the end of theflange engaging the radial arm of the plate when the rock-sleeve isturned in a clock-wise direction and the shoulder upon the flangeengaging the tip of the pawl or dog when the rock-sleeve is turned in acounter clock-wise direction. These parts are normally held in thisfixed engaging relation and moved together at all times in just thisway, excepting when the governingmechanism, presently to be described,comes into action. Therefore in the absence of activity in thegoverning-means, the parts will remain stationary or normal during thecompression and working strokes, they will then rock in a clock-wisedirection in the valves illustrated in detail, during the ex hauststroke, the valve being driven through engagement between the end of theflange and the arm on the plate I and they will then move in a counterclock-wise direction from their normal position for three-fourths ofthestroke, the plate on the valve-stem being driven through the shoulder onthe flange of the rock-slecve and the dog onthe plate.

Each of the valve-shafts carries upon its forward-end, a rotatablecut-off disk K, each of which has upon its rear a roller is inposit-ion, when properly moved, to engage the tip of the pawl upon thecorresponding plate I when the same is moved in the prpper direction toopen the intake port. The cut-off disks for the four cylinder ends arecoupled up in the manner illustrated so that the two crank end disksrotate in counter clock-wise directions and the two head-end cut-offdisks rotate in clock-wise direction at the same time, the head-endcut-oif disk of the cylinder C being connected by obvious mechanism witha goverin the intake stroke, and, as such contact takes place, it willdisengage the tip of the pawl, in an obvious manner, from the shoulderupon the flange of the rock-sleeve, thus releasing the valve-shaft fromthe camoperated rock-sleeve. As soon as the valvestem is released thepiston in the dash-pot will instantly close the valve, so that theengine will be governed by varying the amount of combustible mixturedrawn 1n,

the most efiicient' form of governing possible. Y

This concludes the description ofthe construction and operation of thevalve-mechanism proper and its advantages will doubtless be apparent. Itis to be noted that the valve moves only at the times when the exhaustis to be opened and the intake is to be opened and cut-ofl? andconsequently at times when the pressure is comparatively -low, the bulkof the movement being done under no pressure at all. The valve can beand is in fact thoroughly cooled'and there is no opportunity for it towear unduly. It is so constructed that it can readily be lubricated.Furthermore the construction is simple, the numberof parts being reducedto a minimum and there is no reason why the 5011- struction should notgive thoroughly satisfactory operation.

In addition to the mechanism already described, which may be termed thatessential to the valve-mechanism proper, devices are provided forholdingthe exhaust open so that igniters maybe changed while the engine is inoperation upon the other cylinders or parts of cylinders. This mechanismconsists of a hook L pivotally mounted on the front plate or cover 6 ofthe valve-chamber and the shoulder Z adapted to be engaged therewithupon the rock sleeve F. WVhen the parts are in the position shown insolid lines in Fig. 7 that is their normal position the engine operatesin the usual manner, as already described. When, however, the hook isthrown to the position shown in dotted lines the next succeedingmovement of the rock-sleeve in the direction to open the exhaust portwill engage the hook with the shoulder thereon, holding the same inposition against the pull of the spring, which is the only power tendingto return the same. The exhaust-valve will thus be held open and thepressure in the corresponding cylinder-end will be reduced practicallyto atmospheric pressure. The hook can readily be disengaged at any timebecause the tension of the shoulder against it will be released on eachrevolution of the cam.

I realize that considerable variation is possible in the details ofconstruction of my improved device, without departing from the spirit ofmy invention, and I do not intend, therefore, to limit myself to thespecific form herein shown and,described.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is I 1. Thecombination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber,-

air, gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in the, form ofradial,slots, acylindrical oscillating valve 'adapted in it normal position toclose said ports and provided with a space adapted to register with theports alternately as the valve is oppositelyrocked and means for rockingthe valve.

2. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber, air, gas and exhaust ports enteringsaidchamber in the form of radial slots, a cylindrical oscillatingvalve-adapted in a normal position to close said ports, and having aperipheral depression adapted to register withth'e ports alternately asthe valve isoppositely rocked, and means for, rocking the valve.

3. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber, air, gas and exhaust ports entering saidchamber in the form of radial slots, a cylindrical oscillating valveadapted to close said ports, and having a space adapted as the valve isrocked in'one direction to open communicationv between the air and gasports and the cylinder and as it is rocked in the opposite direction toopen communication between the exhaust port and cylinder, and means forrocking the valve.

4. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber, air, gas and exhaust'ports entering saidchamber in the form of radial slots, a cylindrical oscillating valveadapted in a normal position to close said ports and having a peripheraldepression adapted as the valveis rocked in one direction to opencommunication between the air andgas ports and the cylinder and as thevalve is rocked'in the opposite direction to open communication betweenthe 4 exhaust port and cylinder, and means for rocking the valve.

5. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber, air, gas and exhaust ports entering saidchamber in the form of radial slots, a cylindrical valve within thechamber, adapted in its normal position to close the ports, and havingtwo peripheral depressions, one of said depressions being arranged toopen communication between the exhaust port and cylinder and between theair port and cylinder as the valve is rocked in opposite directions, theother of which is adapted to open communication between the gas and airports, when said first depression opens the air port to the cylinder,whereby the gas and air are mixed as they enter, and means for rockingthe valve.

6. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber at right angles to the cylinder and connected thereto byan opening radial with respcct tothe valve-chamber, air, gas and exhaustports entering said chamber in the form of radial slots, a cylindricaloscillating valve adapted in a normal position to close said ports andprovided with a space adapted to register with the ports alternately asthe valve is oppositely rocked and means for rocking the valve.

7. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber at right angles to the cylinder and connected thereto byan opening radial with respect to the valve-chamber, air, gas andexhaust ports entering said chamber in the form of radial slots, acylindrical oscillating valve adapted in a normal position to close saidports, and having a peripheral depression adapted to register with theports alternately as the valve is oppositely rocked, and means forrocking the valve.

8. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber at right angles to the cylinder and connccted thereto byan opening radial with respect to the valve-chamber. air, gas andexhaustports entering said chamber in the form of radial slots, acylindrical oscillating valve adapted to close said ports, and having aspace adapted as the valve is rocked in one direction to opencommunication between the air and gas ports and the cylinder and as itis rocked in the opposite direction to open communication between theexhaust port and cylinder, and means for rocking the valve.

9. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber at right angles to the cylinder and connected thereto byan opening radial with respect to the valve-chamber. air, gas andexhaust ports entering said chamber in the form of radial slot-s, acylindrical oscillatingvalve adapted in a normal position to close saidports and having a peripheral depression adapted as the valve is ruched;

in one direction to open communication between the air and gas ports inthe cylinder and as the valve is. rocked in the opposite direction toopen connnunicat-ion between the exhaust port and cylinder, and meansfor rocking the valve.

10. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber at right angles to the cylinder and connected thereto byan opening radial with respect to the valve-chamber, air, gas andexhaust ports entering said chamber in the form of radial slots, acylindrical valve within the chamber, adapted in its normal position toclose the ports, and having two peripheral depressions, one of saiddepressions being arranged to open communication between the exhaustport and cylinder and between the air port and cylinder as the valve isrocked in opposite direction, the other of which is adapted to opencommunication between the gas and allports,

when said first depression opens the air port to the cylinder, wherebythe gas and air are mixed as they enter, and means for rocking thevalve.

11. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamher at right angles to the cylinder and at one side thereofand connected therewith by a slot-like opening radial to thevalve-chamher and entering the cylinder transversely from the side, air,gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in the form of radial slots,a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted in a normal position to closesaid ports and provided with a space adapted to registerwith the poltsalternately as the valve is oppositely rocked and means for rocking thevalve.

12.- The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of acylindrical valve-chamber at right angles to the cylinder and at oneside thereof and connected therewith by a slot-like opening radial tothe valve-chamber and entering the cylinder transversely from the side.air, gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in the form of radialslots, a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted in a normal position toclose said ports, and having a peripheral depression adapted to registerwith the ports alternately as the valve is oppositely rocked, and meansfor rocking the valve.

, 13. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of acylindrical valve-chamher at right angh-zs to the cylinder and at oneside thereof, and connected therewithby a slotdike opening radial to thevalve-. chamber and entering the cylinder transversely from the side,air, gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in the form of radialslots. a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted to close said ports, andhaving a space adapted as the valve is rocked in one hiltft'ilOIl toopen communication between the air and gas ports and the cylinder and itis rocked in the opposite direction to open communication between theexhaust port and cylinder, and means for rocking the valve.

i l. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of acylindrical valve-chamthe cylinder and at ber at right angles toconnected therewith one side thereof and by a slot-like opening radialto the valvechamber and entering the cylinder transversely from theside, air, gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in the form ofradial slots, a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted in a normalposition to close said ports and having a peripheral depression adaptedas the valve is rocked in one direction to open communication betweenthe air and gas ports in the cylinder and as the.

port and cylinder, and means for rocking the valve.

15. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber at right angles to the cylinder and at one side thereofand connected therewith by a slot-like opening radial to thevalvechamber and entering the cylinder transversely from the side, air,gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in the form of radial slots,a cylindrical valve within the chamber, adapted in its normal positionto close the ports, and having two peripheraldepressions, one of saiddepressions being arranged to open communication between the exhaustport and cylinder and between the air port and cylinder as the valve isrocked in opposite direction, the other of which is adapted to opencommunication between the gas and air ports, when said first depressionopens the air port to the cylinder, whereby the gas and air are mixed asthey enter. and means for rocking the valve. Y

16. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by a slot-like opening radial tothe valve-chamber and extending across substantially the entire widthentering said chamber in the form of radial slots, a cylindricaloscillating valve adapted in a normal position to close said ports andprovided with a space adapted to register with the ports alternately asthe valve is oppositely rocked and means for rocking the valve.

17. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by a slot-like opening radial tothe valve-chamber and extending across substantially the entire width ofthe cylinder, air, gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in the.form of radial slots, a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted in anormal position to close said ports, and

of the cylinder, air, gas and exhaust ports having a peripheraldepression adapted to register with the ports alternately as the valveis oppositely rocked, and means for rocking the valve.

18..The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by a slot-like opening radial tothe valve-chamber and extending across substantially the entire width ofthe cylinder, air, gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in theform of radial slots, a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted to closesaid ports, and having a space adapted as the valve is rocked in onedirection to open communication between the air and gas ports and thecylinder and as it is rocked ber connected to the cylinder by aslot-like I opening radial to the valve-chamber and extending acrosssubstantially the entire@ width of the cylinder, air, gas and exhaustports entering said chamber in the form of" radial slots, a cylindricaloscillating valve.- adapted in a normal position to close said ports andhaving a peripheral depression adapted as the valve is rocked in onedirection to open communication between the air and gas ports in thecylinder and as "the valve is rocked in the opposite direction to opencommunication between the exhaust poft and cylinder, and means forrocking the va ve. r

20. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by a slot-like opening radial tothe valve-chamber and extending across substantially the entire width ofthe cylinder, air, gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in theform of radial slots, a cylindrical valve within the chamber, adapted inits normal position to close the ports, and having two peripheraldepressions, one of said depressions being arranged to opencommunication between the exhaust port and cylinder and between the airport and cylinder as the valve is rocked in opposite direction, theother of which is adapted to open communication between the gas and airports, when said first depression opens the airport to the cylinder,whereby the gas .and air are mixed as they enter, and means for rockingthe valve.

21. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber below the cylinder in a horizontal transverse position andhaving connection with the cylinder through a slot-like opening radialto the valve-chamber 'and intersecting the bottom of the cylinder nearits end, air,

gas and exhaust ports, entering said chamber in the form of radialslots, a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted in a normal position toclose said ports and provided with a space adapted to register with theports alternatively as the valve 7 is oppositely rocked and means forrocking the valve.

22. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalVEtlVG-Chfllllw ber below the cylinder in a horizontal transverseposition and having connection with the cylinder through a slot-likeopening radial to the valve-chamber and intersecting the bottom of thecylinder near its end, air, gas and exhaust ports entering said chamberin the form of radial slots, a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted ina normal position to close said ports, and having a pcber below thecylinder in a horizontal transoscillating valve adapted to close saidports,

verse position and having connection with the cylinder throu h aslotlike opening radial to the valVe-dliamber and intersecting thebottom of the cylinder near its end, air, gas and exhaust ports enteringsaid chamber in the form of radial slots, a cylindrical and having aspace adapted as the valve is rocked in one direction to opencommunication between the air and gas ports and the cylinder and as itis rocked in the opposite direction to open communication between theexhaust portand cylinder, and means for rocking the valve.

, 24. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of acylindrical valve-cham' ber below the cylinder in a horizontaltransverse position and having connection with the cylinder through aslot-like opening radial to the valve-chamber and intersecting thebottomof the cylinder near its end, air and gas exhaust ports enteringsaid chamher in theform of radial slots, a cylindrical oscillating valveadapt-ed in a normal posi tion to close said ports and having a pcrpheral depression adapted as the valve is rocked 1n one direction toopen communication between the air and gas ports 1n the cylinder and asthe valve is rocked in the opposite direction to open communicationbetween the exhaust port and cylinder, and means for rocking the valve.

95. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber below the cylinder in a horizontal transverse position andhaving connection with the cylinder through a slot-like opening radialto the valvechamber and intersecting the bottom of the cylinder near itsend, air, gas and exhaust ports entering said chamber in the form ofradial slots, a cylindrical valve within the chamber, adapted in itsnormal position to close the ports, and havingtwo peripheraldepressions, one of said depressions being arranged to opencommunication between the exhaust port and cylinder and between the airport and cylinder as the valve is rocked in opposite direction, theother of which is adapted to open communication between the gas and airports, when said first depression opens the air port to'thecylinder,"whereby the gas and air are mixed as they enter, and means forrocking the valve.

26. The combination with a cylinder and piston of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber, a port for rocking the entering thevalve-chamber in the form of a radial-slot, and a cylindricaloscillatingvalve adapted 'in its normal position to close said port andhaving a space adapted to register therewith as the valve is oscillatedto throw the cylinder, said valve having attached to it at one end alongitudinally movable part whereby pressure may hold said valve againstone end of the valve chamber and said part against the other end.

27. The combination with a cylinder and piston of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an openingradial with respectto the valve-chamber, a port entering the valve-chamber in the form of aradial slot, a cylindrical oscillating-valve adapted in its normalposition to close said port and having a space ada ted to registertherewith as the valve is osci lated to throw the port intocommunication with the cylinder, a valve stem separably attached to saidvalve whereby the valve may be held by ressure against one end and thestem against the other end of the valve-chamber.

28. The combination with a cylinder and piston of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber, a port entering the valve-chamber in theform of a radial slot, a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted in itsnormal position to close said port having a space adapted to registertherewith as the valve is oscillated to throw the port intocommunication with the cyl inder, a valve-stem having a T-head runningin a slot in the valve and separable therefrom, whereby internalpressure will separate the valve-stem and valve holding each against thecorresponding end of the valve-chamber.

29. The combination with-a cylinder and piston of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber, a port entering the valve-chamber in theform of a radial slot, a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted in itsnormal position to close said port and having a space adapted toregister therewith as the valve is oscillated to throw the port intocommunication with the cylinder, said valve being hollow and means forsupplying cooling liquid to the interior of the valve.

30. The combination with a cylinder and piston of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valvc-chamber, a port entering the valve-chamber in theform of a radial slot, a cylindrical oscillating valve adapted in itsnormal position to close said port and having a space adapted toregister therewith as the valve is oscillated to throw the port intocommunication with the cylinder, said valve being hollow and having athe port into communication with hollow sleeve extending from one of itsends through the wall of the valve-chamber, a tube entering the sleeveand liquid-conducting means secured to the tube and sleeve.

31. The combination with a cylinder and piston of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber, fuel and exhaust ports entering thevalve-chamber in the form of radial slots, a cylindrical oscillatablevalve adapted in its normal position to close said ports and having aspace to re ister therewith alternatively'as the valve 1s oppositelyrocked to open communication between the same and, the cylinder, saidvalve being hollow and means for supplying cooling liquid to theinterior of the valve.

' tube entering the sleeve and liquid conducting means secured to thetube and sleeve.

33. The combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a cylindricalvalve-chamber connected to the cylinder by an opening radial withrespect to the valve-chamber, air, gas and exhaust ports entering saidvalve-chamber in the form of radial slots, a

cylindrical oscillatable valveadapted in its ber, air,gas and exhaustports entering'said valve-chamber in theform of radial slots, acylindrical oscillatable valve adapted in its normal position to closesaid ports and having a space adapted as the valve is rocked in onedirection to-open communication between the gas and air ports in thecylinder and as it is rocked in the opposite direction to opencommunication between the exhaust port and the cylinder, said valvebeing hol-- low and having a hollow sleeve extending from one of itsends through the wall of the valve-chamber, a tube entering the sleeveand liquid-conducting means secured to the tube and sleeve.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Chicago, Illinois,this 18th day of April, nineteen hundred and ten, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

V CHARLES EsARGENT. In presence of- L. HnIsLAR, R. SOHAE'FER.

